The Effects of Exercise Training on Upper Extremity Function for Persons with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

Valerie E. Neira; Tamlynn D. Niemietz; John W. Farrell III

doi:10.2340/jrmcc.v5.2306

Authors

Valerie E. Neira Clinical Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
Tamlynn D. Niemietz Clinical Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
John W. Farrell III Clinical Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-0237

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrmcc.v5.2306

Keywords:

multiple sclerosis, upper extremity, exercise, strength training, function

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of exercise training on upper extremity physical function and physiological fitness outcomes in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).
Methods: A search of 3 electronic databases (EMBASE, CINAHL, and ovidMEDLINE) was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The included studies were randomized control trials that reported at least one outcome measure related to upper extremity function, contained a component of exercise training, and included PwMS.
Results: Of the 1381 articles retrieved from the electronic databases, 8 articles met the specific inclusion criteria. All the included articles incorporated strength training exercises into the rehabilitation intervention. Reported outcomes included the 9 Hole Peg Test (9HPT), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and Fugl-Meyer Assessment, with 3, 3, and 0 reporting significant improvements, respectively. Only grip strength was included as a physiological fitness outcome, with 2 articles reporting significant improvements.
Conclusion: The results of this review suggest that strength training may elicit improvements in functional and physiological upper extremity outcomes for PwMS. Several limitations of the current review must be noted, including a limited number of studies and the combination of strength training with other rehabilitative modalities.

LAY ABSTRACT
Persons with multiple sclerosis experience reduced strength and function in their arms. The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence available on the effects of using exercise to improve strength and function in the arms of persons with multiple sclerosis. Our research team searched through 1381 studies and found 8 that were relevant to what we were looking for. The 8 studies suggest that exercise, specifically strength training (e.g., weight lifting or resistance exercise), can improve strength and function of the arms in persons with multiple sclerosis. However, the strength training was part of a larger rehabilitation program, and we cannot definitively conclude that all of the improvements were solely because of strength training. Regardless, strength training appears to be an important part of rehabilitation programs aiming to improve strength and function in the arms of persons with multiple sclerosis.