Metastatic melanoma in an infant: neoadjuvant radiotherapy and radical neck dissection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2340/1651-226X.2026.46049Keywords:
Malignant Melanoma, Paediatric Melanoma, Atypical Spitzoid Tumour, Spitzoid NaevusDownloads
References
Cancer Intelligence Team, Melanoma skin cancer statistics. Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom, 2025
Office for National Statistics. Cancer registrations [Internet]. 2010 Jan 28 [cited 2024 Jun 19]. Available from: www.ons.gov.uk
Lange JR, Palis BE, Chang DC, Soong SJ, Balch CM. Melanoma in children and teenagers: an analysis of patients from the national cancer data base. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:1363–8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.08.8310
Stefanaki C, Chardalias L, Soura E, Katsarou A, Stratigos A. Paediatric melanoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31(10):1604–15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.14299
Prieto-Granada CN, Lezcano C, Scolyer RA, Mihm MC, Jr, Piris A. Lethal melanoma in children: a clinicopathological study of 12 cases. Pathology. 2016;48(7):705–11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2016.08.008
Scalvenzi M, Palmisano F, Cacciapuoti S, Migliaro F, Siano M, Staibano S, et al. Giant congenital melanocytic naevus with proliferative nodules mimicking congenital malignant melanoma: a case report and review of the literature of congenital melanoma. Case Rep Dermatol Med. 2013;2013:473635 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/473635
Kinsler VA, O’Hare P, Bulstrode N, Calonje JE, Chong WK, Hargrave WK, et al. Melanoma in congenital melanocytic naevi. Br J Dermatol. 2017;176(5):1131–43 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.15301
Han D, Zager JS, Han G, Marzban SS, Puleo CA, Sarnaik AA, et al. The unique clinical characteristics of melanoma diagnosed in children. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(12):3888–95 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-012-2554-5
Mehregan AH, Mehregan DA. Malignant melanoma in childhood. Cancer. 1993;71(12):4096–103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19930615)71:12<4096::AID-CNCR2820711248>3.0.CO;2-Z
Schneiderman H, Wu AY, Campbell WA, Forouhar F, Yamase H, Greenstein R, et al. Congenital melanoma with multiple prenatal metastases. Cancer. 1987;60(6):1371–7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19870915)60:6<1371::AID-CNCR2820600635>3.0.CO;2-0
Prose NS, Laude TA, Heilman ER, Coren C. Congenital malignant melanoma. Paediatrics. 1987;79(6):967–70 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.79.6.967
Holaday WJ, Castrow FF, II. Placental metastasis from a fetal giant pigmented nevus. Arch Dermatol. 1968;98(5):486–8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1968.01610170046007
Da Forno PD, Fletcher A, Pringle JH, Saldanha GS. Understanding spitzoid tumours, new insights from molecular pathology. Br J Dermatol. 2008;158(1):4–14
Cho-Vega JH. A diagnostic algorithm for atypical spitzoid tumors: guidelines for immunohistochemical and molecular assessment. Mod Pathol. 2016;29(7):656–70 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2016.70
Emiroglu N, Yıldız P, Biyik Ozkaya D, Bahalı AG, Su O, Onsun N, et al. Evolution of Spitz Nevi. Paediatr Dermatol. 2017;34(4):438–45 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.13184
Pol-Rodriquez M, Lee S, Silvers DN, Celebi JT. Influence of age on survival in childhood spitzoid melanomas. Cancer. 2007;109:1579–83 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22584
Roaten JB, Partrick DA, Bensard D, Pearlman N, Gonzalez R, Fitzpatrick J, et al. Survival in sentinel lymph node-positive pediatric melanoma. J Pediatr Surg. 2005;40(6):988–92; discussion 992 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.03.014
Rousia EK, Kallionpää RA, Kallionpää RE, Juteau SM, Talved LAI, Hernberg MM, et al. Increased incidence of melanoma in children and adolescents in Finland in 1990–2014: nationwide re-evaluation of histopathological characteristics. Ann Med. 2022;54(1):244–52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2022.2026001
Rousia EK, Koskivuob IO, Juteauc SM, Talved LAI, Hernberge MM, Vihinenf PP, et al. Different expression of BRAFV600E, ALK and PD-L1 in melanoma in children and adolescents: a nationwide retrospective study in Finland in 1990–2014. Acta Oncol. 2021;60(2):165–72 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186X.2020.1806358
Ferrari A, Lopez RA, Reguerre Y, Cesen M, Bergamaschi L, Indini A, et al. Cutaneous melanoma in children and adolescents: the EXPeRT/PARTNER diagnostic and therapeutic recommendation. Paediatr Blood Cancer. 2021;68(Suppl. 4):e28992 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28992
Sutthatarn P, Davidoff AM, Bahrami A, Richard C, Shalini B, Santiago TC, et al. Regional lymph node evaluation in pediatric conventional melanoma subtype: a single-center 10-year review. Pediatr Surg Int. 2024;40(1):68 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-024-05646-8
Pratt CB, Palmar MK, Thatcher N, Crowther D. Malignant melanoma in children and adolescents. Cancer. 1981;47(2):215–43 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19810115)47:2<392::AID-CNCR2820470229>3.0.CO;2-J
Rao BN, Hayes FA, Fleming ID, Kumar AP, Lobe T, Dilawari R, et al. Malignant melanoma in children: its management and prognosis. J Paediatr Surg. 1990;25(2):198–203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3468(90)90402-U
Krasin MJ, Constine LS, Friedman D, Marks LB. Radiation-related treatment effects across the age spectrum: differences and similarities or what the old and young can learn from each other. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2010;20(1):21–9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2009.09.001
Paradela S, Fonseca E, Pita-Fernández S, Kantrow SM, Diwan AH, Herzog C, et al. Prognostic factors for melanoma in children and adolescents. Cancer. 2010;116:4334–44 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25222
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Niranjan bista, Patrick Shenjere, Demeesh Oudit

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
