Psoriasis, stress and psychiatry: psychodynamic characteristics of stressors

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to learn how a stressful event, often very mild, can determine a relapse of psoriasis. The research was carried out with clinical interviews and with the administration of Rorschach Psychoreactive, MMPI and H-T-P tests to 80 in-patients. Our data revealed a high prevalence of psychic disorders: 71.2% of patients showed symptoms which allowed a precise psychiatric diagnosis based on DSM-III-R criteria. 35% had personality disorders, 17.5% were moody, 12.5% were anxious and 6.25% had a schizophrenic trait. The analysis of the stressful events enabled us to determine the presence of a specific event in 88.7% of cases. For the majority of patients, the stressful event was felt as very mild: 67.6% of patients reported the existence of a low-impact stressful event according to the DSM-III-R classification. The average evaluation of the stressful event for all patients, based on a five-stage rating (ranging from 2 ´light´ to 6 ´catastrophic´) was 2.56. In conclusion, the analysis of the psychic conditions of in-patients showed that the importance in inducing an acute episode of psoriasis is the meaning of a stressful event as experienced by the patient, i.e. the questioning of his own identity, rather than the intensity of the aforementioned stressful event. In this case, the disease appears to be an attempt to express a defensive somatic response to a possible identity crisis.