Milk causes a rapid urticarial reaction on the skin of children with atopic dermatitis and milk allergy

Abstract

Open skin challenge test with whole milk and its large and small molecular fractions was performed on intact skin of children with atopic dermatitis and suspicion of milk allergy. Of the 51 children challenged with milk 35 reacted within minutes with contact urticaria. The large molecular (m.w. greater than 10,000 d) fraction gave an urticarial reaction as often as whole milk, whereas the small molecular fraction gave only a few positive reactions. These were obviously caused by alpha-lactalbumin which was present only in small amounts in the small molecular fraction. These findings indicate that immediate contact allergy to relevant food allergens can be very common in children with atopic dermatitis and that the large molecular antigens readily penetrate children´s skin.