Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the sleep-related breathing disorder scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire into Danish language

Abstract

Objective/Background

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common but often underestimated in children. The gold standard for assessing SDB is polysomnography, but it is expensive and time-consuming. The Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ/SRDB) is a validated screening tool for SDB, which represents an efficient and alternative tool for screening SDB among children. However, a translated and validated Danish version of the PSQ/SRDB is not available yet. Our aim was to cross-culturally translate the PSQ/SRDB into Danish language for use in clinical and research settings.

Patients/Methods

The translation was carried out through forward-backward translation techniques performed by a panel of experts, and the cross-cultural adaptation was achieved by pretesting of the pre-final version. Internal consistency of the Danish PSQ/SRDB version was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficients, while Cohen’s kappa was used to evaluate test-retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed by factor analysis of the principal components.

Results

The Danish PSQ/SRDB was administered to the caregivers of 348 children. An overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.72 was found, confirming the survey’s consistency, with the results for the domains ranging 0.52–0.70. The Danish PSQ/SRDB showed moderate to perfect reliability for all items, except for one question (C14). Factor analysis performed on the Danish PSQ/SRDB showed that the predetermined four factors were similar with the original version of the PSQ/SRDB.

Conclusions

The Danish version of the PSQ/SRDB has been successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted, suggesting that it can be used as an appropriate paediatric screening tool for SDB in Denmark.