On direct currents and bone formation in demineralized bone transplants

Abstract

Abstract

The effect of direct current on the remineralization of a bone defect was studied in the rabbit. Bone defects in the radius of both forelegs were grafted with demineralized autologous bone. On both sides platinum electrodes were placed around the graft, and one side was connected to a power source delivering 20μA constant current during the experimental period of 28 days. The remineralization was evaluated 14 and 28 days after operation by scintigraphy and roentgenography, planimetry included. At 28 days after operation this evaluation was supplemented by autoradiography. Roentgenographically, there was no difference between the two sides. At 14 days after operation scintigraphy demonstrated a minor delay in bone formation at the electrostimulated side. Between 14 and 28 days a significant increase in activity was noticed. On both sides, autoradiograms showed areas without uptake around the wires. It was concluded that direct currents of the studied magnitude have a negative influence on the primary bone induction process but also that it seems to influence the mineralization positively later in the bone-forming process.