Validation of Self-testing as a Method to Estimate the Prevalence of Nickel Allergy

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of self-patch testing for nickel allergy, in order to determine a cost-effective method for surveillance of the prevalence of nickel allergy. Population-based study including patch testing is the most reliable method to study the prevalence of allergy, but it is expensive and has logistical problems. A total of 191 dermatology patients referred to patch testing were provided with a self-test package with written instructions. The self-test was applied on the arm by the patient, on the same day that the regular patch test was applied on the back. The patient evaluated the self-test before patch test reading at the clinic. Patch test at the dermatology clinic detected 46/191 (24%) nickel-positive individuals. The sensitivity of the self-test was 72% (95% confidence interval (CI) 57–84), the specificity 91% (95% CI 85–95), and the proportion of agreement 86% (95% CI 81–91). Thus, in the population studied, the validity of self-testing for nickel allergy was adequate.