Dental plaque and gingival bleeding in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and controls: a multilevel analysis

Authors

  • Elisabeth Grut Gil a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • Stein Atle Lie a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • Marite Rygg b Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway;c Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
  • Johannes Fischer a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • Annika Rosén a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; d Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
  • Athanasia Bletsa a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; e Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
  • Keijo Luukko a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • Xie-Qi Shi a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; f Department of Oral Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
  • Josefine Halbig g Public Dental Health Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), Tromsø, Norway; h Department of Clinical Dentistry, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
  • Paula Frid g Public Dental Health Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), Tromsø, Norway; h Department of Clinical Dentistry, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; i Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
  • Lena Cetrelli b Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; j Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
  • Karin Tylleskär k Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
  • Karen Rosendahl h Department of Clinical Dentistry, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; l Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
  • Marit Slåttelid Skeie a Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; j Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1080/00016357.2022.2078505

Keywords:

Adolescent, dental plaque, gingival diseases, oral health, juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Abstract

Objective

To explore whether plaque and gingival bleeding are more frequently experienced by adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared to matched controls without JIA; explore whether surface- and site-specific periodontal outcomes vary between the two groups; and for participants with JIA, investigate associations between disease-specific features and periodontal outcomes.

Material and methods

In this comparative cross-sectional study, selected surfaces, and sites of index teeth in 10–16-year-olds with JIA and matched controls were examined by modified versions of Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI). Mixed-effects logistic regressions, reporting odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), were applied. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to quantify the degree of dependency of measures within the same individual.

Results

144 and 159 adolescents with JIA were evaluated according to OHI-S and GBI; corresponding numbers of controls were 154 and 161. Plaque and gingival bleeding were more frequent in individuals with JIA than controls. Adjusted analyses showed association between JIA status and OHI-S > 0 (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.47 − 3.67, ICC = 0.45) and GBI > 0 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.10 − 2.16, ICC = 0.41 and 0.30). Surface-specific distribution of plaque varied among the two groups.

Conclusions

Our results highlight the importance of increased awareness of oral health care in patients with JIA and that surface- and site-specific differences in periodontal outcomes exist between individuals with JIA and controls. Few JIA disease-specific variables associated with plaque or gingival bleeding.

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Additional Files

Published

2023-01-02

Issue

Vol. 81 No. 1 (2023): Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

Section

Articles