Amphiroa fragilissima as a bioactive resource: exploring its antioxidant, anti-biofilm, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial potential for dental applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v12.45099Keywords:
Amphiroa Fragilisima, Bioactive polysaccharide, white spot lesionAbstract
Aim and objectives: To evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of Amphiroa fragilissima and assess its potential for dental and orthodontic use.
Materials and methods: Methanolic extracts of A. fragilissima, collected from Rameshwaram, India, were tested against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnei using the Kirby-Bauer method. Antibiofilm activity was analyzed via Crystal Violet staining. Antioxidant potential was assessed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activity was measured via a bovine serum albumin assay.
Results: The extract showed dose-dependent antibacterial activity, with maximum inhibition observed at 100 µg/mL. Biofilm inhibition also increased with concentration. Antioxidant assays revealed significant radical scavenging activity, with results comparable to controls at higher concentrations. Anti-inflammatory testing showed reduced protein denaturation in treated samples, with effects similar to the positive control and significantly better than the blank.
Conclusion: Amphiroa fragilissima demonstrates strong antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, along with remineralization potential due to its calcium-rich composition. These properties support its potential as a natural, multifunctional agent for dental and orthodontic applications. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate its clinical use.
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