Evaluation of two cementation protocols for lithium disilicate crowns on zirconia one-piece implants: a micro-CT analysis of cement thickness, porosity, and excess
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45301Keywords:
zirconia implants, lithium disilicate crowns, micro-CT analysis, cement porosity, excess cementAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the influence of two cementation protocols on lithium disilicate crowns cemented to zirconia one-piece implants by analyzing cement thickness, porosity, and excess cement using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
Materials and methods: Sixteen Computer-Aided Design (CAD)/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)-fabricated lithium disilicate crowns were cemented onto zirconia one-piece implants (WhiteSKY, Bredent) using two resin-based cements: an adhesive resin cement (ARC) and a self-adhesive resin cement (SARC) based on multifunctional phosphoric methacrylates.
Each cement was applied with either a conventional apical-half (AH) or an abutment-assisted apical-half protocol (A-AH), creating four groups (n = 4). Samples were scanned with micro-CT for volumetric analysis of the cement. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Dunnett’s post hoc test (α = 0.05).
Results: The ARC showed lower porosity and more uniform cement layers than the SARC. The A-AH technique significantly reduced excess cement in both cements, particularly with the self-adhesive resin type. All groups exceeded the 50 µm digital cement space, with the self-adhesive A-AH group showing the highest thickness. Conical abutment geometry contributed to localized cement accumulations.
Conclusions: Both the cement type and the application protocol appeared to influence the characteristics of the cement interface. In this study, the ARC tended to produce a more uniform and less porous cement layer, whereas the abutment-assisted protocol was associated with reduced amounts of excess cement. These findings suggest that modifications to the cementation protocol may help to optimize outcomes for zirconia one-piece implant restorations, particularly when using self-adhesive resin systems.
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