Evaluation of an Angio-Osseo Inductive Bone Ceramic versus demineralised freeze-dried bone allograft in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: a randomised controlled clinical trial

Vidya Sagar S; Uday Kiran Roopavath; Navatha Sattar; Raja Babu P; Athmuri Durga Nandini; Neema Kumari; Subha Narayan Rath

doi:10.2340/biid.v13.45748

Authors

Vidya Sagar S Regenerative Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India; Department of Periodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, India
Uday Kiran Roopavath Regenerative Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India
Navatha Sattar Department of Periodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, India
Raja Babu P Department of Periodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, India
Athmuri Durga Nandini Regenerative Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India
Neema Kumari Regenerative Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India; Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, India
Subha Narayan Rath Regenerative Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45748

Keywords:

allograft, β-tricalcium phosphate, alloplastic graft, ion doping, hydroxyapatite, periodontal intrabony defects

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal intrabony defects (IBDs) respond favourably to regenerative periodontal therapy. Various graft and non-graft materials have been used, with non-allogenic bone substitutes offering the potential to enhance clinical outcomes and radiographic defect resolution. Angio-Osseo Inductive Bone Ceramic (ABC), a novel ion-doped biphasic calcium phosphate graft, has shown promise due to its osteogenic and angiogenic potential.

Aim: The study aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of ABC and demineralised freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in the surgical management of periodontal IBDs.

Materials & methods: A parallel-group, examiner- and statistician-blinded, randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 IBDs (one per patient), randomly assigned to ABC (test, n = 15) or DFDBA (control, n = 15). Clinical parameters, including Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL), were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Radiographic bone fill was assessed at 3 and 6 months using standardised digital radiovisiography.

Results: In both groups, mean IBD scores were significantly different at all time intervals (p < 0.05). Intergroup differences in PPD reduction and CAL gain were not statistically significant. Radiographic analysis demonstrated significantly greater bone fill in the test group (68.63%) compared with the control group (45.48%) at 6 months (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Both ABC and DFDBA were effective in the treatment of periodontal IBDs. However, ABC demonstrated statistically significant improvement in defect fill, supporting its potential as a novel alloplastic alternative to conventional allograft.

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