Nevus Spilus, Partial Unilateral Lentiginosis, and Linear and Whorled Nevoid Hypermelanosis: A Comparison of Clinical Features, Course, and Treatment Response
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v104.40565Keywords:
Diagnosis, Differential, Laser Therapy;, Pigmentation, Treatment OutcomeAbstract
Skin diseases manifesting as agminated pigmented lesions have overlapping clinical manifestations. Therefore, accurate differentiation is challenging. The clinical characteristics, histopathological findings, and treatment response of patients diagnosed with partial unilateral lentiginosis, nevus spilus, or linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis were retrospectively analysed. Each disease demonstrated distinct demographic and clinical characteristics, and the responses to laser treatment varied. The median age at onset varied significantly among the groups: 0.1, 6.6, and 0.5 years in patients with nevus spilus, partial unilateral lentiginosis, and linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis, respectively. Regarding the locations of the skin lesions, partial unilateral lentiginosis occurred predominantly on the head and neck, while approximately half of nevus spilus and linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis were observed on the extremities. Although linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis and partial unilateral lentiginosis share a similar histological feature of basal hyperpigmentation, patients with linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis showed the best response to laser treatment, while patients with partial unilateral lentiginosis demonstrated a poor treatment response. The study’s data may provide important clues for the differential diagnosis and clinical decision-making regarding the treatment of these agminated pigmented lesions.
Downloads
References
Trattner A, Metzker A. Partial unilateral lentiginosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993; 29: 693-695.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(93)70232-I DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(93)70232-I
Yaşar Ş, Ersanli A, Göktay F, Aytekin S, Cebeci D, Güneş P. Partial unilateral lentiginosis is mosaic neurofibromatosis type 1 or not? J Dermatol 2017; 44: 29-35.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.13510 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.13510
Happle R. Speckled lentiginous naevus: which of the two disorders do you mean? Clin Exp Dermatol 2009; 34: 133-135.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.02966.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.02966.x
Prodinger C, Tatarski R, Laimer M, Ahlgrimm-Siess V. Large congenital nevus spilus: improved follow-up through the use of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy. Dermatol Pract Concept 2013; 3: 55.
https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.0302a08 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.0302a08
Catherine S, Lacour J-P, Passeron T. Treatment of linear and whorled hypermelanosis with Q-switched laser. Dermatol Surg 2014; 40: 1044-1046.
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.DSS.0000452635.06834.f5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.DSS.0000452635.06834.f5
Kalter DC, Griffiths WA, Atherton DJ. Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988; 19: 1037-1044.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(88)70269-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(88)70269-8
Torres KG, Carle L, Royer M. Nevus spilus (speckled lentiginous nevus) in the oral cavity: report of a case
and review of the literature. Am J Dermatopathol 2017; 39: e8-e12.
https://doi.org/10.1097/DAD.0000000000000647 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/DAD.0000000000000647
Kim HT, Choi ME, Na H, Lee WJ, Won CH, Lee MW, et al. Partial unilateral lentiginosis: a clinicopathological analysis of 32 cases on the head and neck area in Korea. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60: 1376-1384.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15630
Barysch MJ, Dummer R. The spectrum of widespread hyperpigmentations from SLN to SUL. Arch Dermatol 2009; 145: 953-954.
https://doi.org/10.1001/archdermatol.2009.163 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archdermatol.2009.163
Happle R. Speckled lentiginous nevi: no longer one single disorder. Arch Dermatol 2010; 146: 204-204.
https://doi.org/10.1001/archdermatol.2009.393 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archdermatol.2009.393
Fernandes C, Waddell A, Jean S-É. Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis and Joubert syndrome: a novel association: A case report and literature review. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019; 7: 2050313X19876725.
https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X19876725 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X19876725
Brito MHTSd, Dionísio CSNdM, Fernandes CMBM, Ferreira JCM, Rosa MJMdPMd, Garcia MMAPdS. Synchronous melanomas arising within nevus spilus. An Bras Dermatol 2017; 92: 107-109.
https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175230
Cohen LM. Nevus spilus: congenital or acquired? Arch Dermatol 2001; 137: 215-216.
Vaidya DC, Schwartz RA, Janniger CK. Nevus spilus. Cutis 2007; 80: 465.
Kim EH, Kang HY. Partial unilateral lentiginosis with ocular involvement. Eur J Dermatol 2006; 16: 582-583.
Park YM, Kang H, Cho SH, Cho BK. Partial unilateral lentiginosis: clinicopathologic review of 13 cases. Ann Dermatol 2000; 12: 90-94.
https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2000.12.2.90 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2000.12.2.90
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Hui-Ting Han, Jung-Je Park, Ji Su Lee, Si-Hyung Lee
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All digitalized ActaDV contents is available freely online. The Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica owns the copyright for all material published until volume 88 (2008) and as from volume 89 (2009) the journal has been published fully Open Access, meaning the authors retain copyright to their work.
Unless otherwise specified, all Open Access articles are published under CC-BY-NC licences, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for non-commercial purposes, provided proper attribution to the original work.
