Adjuvant Anti-PD-1 Antibody Therapy for Advanced Melanoma: A Multicentre Study of 78 Japanese Cases

Authors

  • Yusuke Muto Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Yumi Kambayashi Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Hiroshi Kato 2. Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
  • Satoshi Fukushima 3. Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
  • Takamichi Ito Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University
  • Takeo Maekawa Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University
  • Yasuhiro Fujisawa Department of Dermatology, Faculty of University of Tsukuba
  • Koji Yoshino Department of Dermato-Oncology/Dermatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital
  • Hiroshi Uchi Department of Dermato-Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center
  • Shigeto Matsushita Department of Dermato-Oncology/Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center
  • Yuki Yamamoto Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University
  • Ryo Amagai Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kentaro Ohuchi Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Akira Hashimoto Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Taku Fujimura Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v102.678

Keywords:

adjuvant therapy, acral melanoma, anti-PD1 Abs, RFS

Abstract

Anti-PD-1 antibodies (Abs) are among the optimal adjuvant therapies for melanoma at high risk of recurrence, especially BRAF wild-type melanoma, but the anti-tumour effects of anti-PD-1 Abs in the adjuvant setting for acral melanoma have not been evaluated previously. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy and safety profiles of anti-PD-1 Ab monotherapy in the adjuvant setting in an Asian population including a high ratio of acral melanoma. The efficacy and safety profiles of anti-PD-1 Ab monotherapy in the adjuvant setting were retrospectively analysed in 78 Japanese patients with advanced melanoma, including 31 cases (40%) of acral melanoma. Overall relapse-free survival was 60.3% (47 of 78 cases, 95% confidence interval (CI) 49.2–70.4%), and 39.7% of patients (31 of 78 patients, 95% CI 29.6–50.8%) relapsed during the adjuvant PD-1 Ab treatment. Six cases (7.9%) discontinued the protocol due to serious adverse events. One case (1.3%) discontinued the protocol due to trauma. The relapse-free survival of acral melanoma was 25.8%, whereas that of high cumulative sun damage was 60.0%, and that of low cumulative sun damage was 57.1%. The acral type had a significantly lower 12-month relapse-free survival than other cutaneous types (p = 0.029). The acral type appeared to be an independent prognostic factor on multivariate analysis (p = 0.015). Adverse events due to anti-PD-1 antibody were observed in 37.1% overall. The results of this study suggest that anti-PD-1 Ab therapy in the adjuvant setting is less effective for acral melanoma than for other cutaneous types.

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Published

2022-08-11

How to Cite

Muto, Y., Kambayashi, Y., Kato, H., Fukushima, S., Ito, T., Maekawa, T., … Fujimura, T. (2022). Adjuvant Anti-PD-1 Antibody Therapy for Advanced Melanoma: A Multicentre Study of 78 Japanese Cases. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 102, adv00756. https://doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v102.678

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